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Care guide · Freshwater · fish

Dwarf spotted danio

Danio nigrofasciatus

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The dwarf spotted danio (Danio nigrofasciatus) is a small, peaceful but timid shoaling fish from Myanmar. Dark longitudinal bars and a spotted anal fin help distinguish it from related danios. It reaches about 3.7–4 cm standard length and does best in a quiet, sheltered aquarium with its own kind. Keep at least eight to ten, provide plants and wood for cover, and avoid boisterous or large tankmates. A secure lid is essential: this small danio can jump too. After introduction, check that the shoal feeds and moves confidently through the aquarium.

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At a glance

Temperature
18–26 °C
pH
6.0–7.5
GH
2–12 °dGH
Aquarium length
At least 60 cm
Minimum aquarium volume
At least 54 L
Adult size
Approximately 3.7–4 cm
Group size
At least 8–10 individuals
Temperament
Peaceful

About this species

The accepted name is Danio nigrofasciatus (Day, 1870); older combinations include Barilius and Brachydanio nigrofasciatus. FishBase reports 3.7 cm standard length and Seriously Fish 40 mm, so 3.7–4 cm is a reasonable range. Dark body bars and especially the spotted anal fin are characteristic. The species is timid and may look pale in a bare or unsettled aquarium. A reliable identification requires more than a shop label.

Natural habitat

The species is endemic to Myanmar. The detailed aquarium profile describes central areas around Yangon, Bago and Mon, on both sides of the Bago Yoma. FishBase instead lists northern Myanmar; because these range statements conflict, the distribution is presented cautiously. Records include streams, minor rivers, ponds, ditches and rice paddies, some seasonal. The fish therefore does not live only in fast-flowing water.

Aquarium and layout

Seriously Fish recommends a minimum base of 60 × 30 cm and about 54 litres. Despite its small size, the species needs room to swim with its shoal. Dense edge planting, wood, leaf cover and quiet refuges help a timid group, while some open water should remain. Avoid strong currents or boisterous tankmates that monopolise food. Fit the lid securely; danios can jump through narrow gaps.

Water conditions

The aquarium-specific source gives 18–26°C, pH 6.0–7.5 and GH 2–12 dGH. FishBase contains different water records, so the displayed range follows the specialist care profile and is not a universal guarantee. Choose stable conditions suited to the breeder and the water the fish were kept in. Change temperature or mineral content gradually. Mature filtration and regular water changes are important.

Behaviour and group size

This danio is very peaceful but also timid. Keep at least eight to ten so the fish feel more secure and show natural shoaling behaviour. Seriously Fish lists Danio choprae as a possible small Myanmar companion; combine them only in a calm aquarium with enough cover and feeding access. Avoid large or boisterous fish and fast food competitors. After introduction, check that every fish eats and that the shoal is not permanently hiding in a corner.

Feeding

The natural diet is thought to consist mainly of insects and larvae. Aquarium fish usually accept varied foods. Use a complete dry food with small particles as the staple; crush flakes if needed. Regularly supplement with small portions of Daphnia, Artemia or bloodworm, live or frozen. Feed calmly and distribute food so timid fish can reach it. Remove leftovers to protect water quality.

Breeding

Danio nigrofasciatus scatters eggs and provides no parental care. FishBase reports spawning on plants and roots early in the morning; adults may eat eggs. For better survival, use a separate tank with fine plants or a grid that keeps eggs out of reach. Remove the adults after spawning and use gentle mature sponge filtration. Fry need suitably fine first foods; exact results depend on condition and setup.

Sources & review

This care guide draws on several specialist sources and was last checked on .

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