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Care guide · Freshwater · fish

Rosy barb

Pethia conchonius

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The rosy barb (Pethia conchonius) is a hardy, active shoaling fish from South Asia. It can reach about 10 cm standard length, so its adult size is often underestimated when juveniles are purchased. Seriously Fish recommends an aquarium with a 100 × 30 cm base and approximately 90 litres. Keep eight to ten together where possible, provide swimming room and choose companions able to tolerate similar cooler temperatures and activity. Plan for the adult fish rather than the smaller size commonly seen in shops.

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At a glance

Temperature
16–24 °C
pH
6.0–8.0
GH
5–20 °dGH
Aquarium length
At least 100 cm
Minimum aquarium volume
At least 90 L
Adult size
Up to 10 cm
Group size
At least 8–10 individuals
Temperament
Peaceful

About this species

The valid name is Pethia conchonius (Hamilton, 1822). Older combinations include Cyprinus conchonius, Barbus conchonius and Puntius conchonius. Long-fin, veil-tail, super red, neon and golden strains are bred in captivity; these are not separate species. Males often develop a deep rose or claret flush during spawning, while females are usually larger and less vivid.

Natural habitat

The species is recorded from Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh. It inhabits varied waters, from flowing hill streams and river tributaries to lakes, ponds and swamps. Flow and conditions therefore vary; an aquarium need not imitate one narrow habitat type. A broad range does not mean all local populations are identical in size or colour.

Aquarium and layout

Seriously Fish recommends a minimum 100 × 30 cm base and around 90 litres. A long swimming area matters for an active barb that can grow large. Use plants and optional floating cover along the margins, leaving central space open. A darker substrate may enhance colour. The fish appreciates some movement and good filtration, but a strong current throughout the tank is unnecessary. Secure the aquarium if inhabitants may jump.

Water conditions

Seriously Fish recommends 16–24 °C, pH 6.0–8.0 and GH 5–20 dGH. FishBase lists an older temperature source of 18–22 °C, while the specialist aquarium profile gives a broader practical range. Keep conditions stable within suitable bounds and adjust water chemistry gradually. Its broad natural distribution does not justify abrupt acclimation or arbitrary mixing with warm-water fish.

Behaviour and group size

Rosy barbs are generally peaceful but active and relatively large. Keep a shoal of eight to ten to support social behaviour. Choose robust companions that tolerate cooler conditions and are not much smaller or slower. Small fish and long fins may be disadvantaged by activity and feeding competition. Assess adult length, swimming room, behaviour and feeding together.

Feeding

This omnivore eats worms, insects, small invertebrates, plant material and organic detritus. Feed quality complete flakes or granules, preferably with some plant or algal content. Regularly vary the diet with suitable portions of Daphnia, Artemia or bloodworm. Spread food so all fish can feed and remove leftovers. Portion size should suit both mouth size and shoal size.

Breeding

The species scatters eggs and shows no parental care. Occasional fry may appear in a mature aquarium, but adults eat eggs. For controlled spawning, Seriously Fish describes a separate dimly lit setup with an egg grid, marbles, fine-leaved Taxiphyllum or spawning mops. Remove adults as soon as eggs are laid. Eggs hatch in about 24–48 hours according to the source; fry become free swimming roughly a day later and initially need infusoria-grade food.

Sources & review

This care guide draws on several specialist sources and was last checked on .

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